1. Simple Present Tense
Present Tense is used to talk about something in
general. And it is also used to
talk about something which is happened repeatedly or habituallly activities.
Formula:
(+)S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-)S + do/does + not + V1
+ O/C
(?)Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example:
(+) Sisca reads book
everyday.
(-) Sisca does not read
book everyday.
(?) Does Sisca read book
everyday? Yes, she does. / No, she does not.
2.
Present
Continuous Tense
The
Present Continuous Tense is used when talk about something
which is happening around the time of speaking, but not necessarily exactly at
the time of speaking. Formula:
(+)S + be + V1 + ing +
O/C
(-)S + be + not + V1 +
ing + O/C
(?)Be + S + V1 + ing +
O/C
Example:
(+)He is playing
badminton now
(-)He is not playing
badminton now
(?)Is he playing
badminton now?Yes, he is. / No, he is not.
3.
Present
Perfect Tense
Present perfect Tense is used to
give new information or to announce recent happening and can use the
Present Perfect Tense with already to say that something has happened
sooner than expected
Formula:
(+)S + has/have + been +
O/CS + has/have + V3 + O/C
(-)S + has/have + not +
been + O/CS + has/have + not + V3 + O/C
(?)Have/has + S + been +
O/CHave/has + S + V3 + O/C
Example:
(+)He has been at home
for a month.Roni has eaten the steak already.
(-)He has not been at
home for a month.Roni has not eaten the steak already.
(?)Has he been at home
for a month?Has he eaten the steak already?Yes, he has. / No, he has not.
4.
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense Is a sentence that shows the events that have been
done and is still in progress at the current time.
Formula:
(+) S + have/has + been +
V-ing
(-) S + have/has + not + been
+ V-ing
(?) Have/has + S + been +
V-ing
Example:
(+) He has been playing
guitar for two hours.
(-)He has not been
playing guitar for two hours.
(?) Has he been playing
guitar for two hours?Yes, he has. / No, he has not.
5.
Simple
Past Tense
We
use the past simple to talk about actions or situations in the past. The
adverbs of time used in this tense are Yesterday, last….., a week ago, this
morning , last night, yesterday morning, yesterweek, yestermonth, yesteryear,
etc.
Formula:
(+)S + to be (was/were) +
O/CS + V2 + O/C
(-)S + to be (was/were) +
not + O/CS + did not + V1 + O/C
(?)Did + S + V1 + O/C
Example:
(+)He was a businessman
in 1999.He visited me yesterday.
(-)He was not a
businessman in 1999.He did not visit me yesterday.
(?) Did he visit you
yesterday?Yes, he did. / No, he did not.
6.
Past
Continuous Tense
Past
Continuous Tense is used to say that someone was in the middle of doing
something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before
this time but hadn’t finished. And then often use the past continuous Tense and
the past simple together to say that something happened in the middle of
something else
Formula:
(+)S + to be (was/were) +
V-ing + O/C
(-)S + to be (was/were) +
not + V-ing + O/C
(?)Was/were + S + V-ing +
O/C
Example:
(+)She was sleeping when
I came.
(-)She was not sleeping
when I came.
(?)Was she sleeping when
you came?Yes, she was. / No, she was not.
7.
Past
Perfect Tense
The
past perfect tense is used to refer to actions that took place and were
completed in the past. The past perfect is often used to emphasise that one
action, event or condition ended before another past action, event, or
condition began.
Formula:
(+)S + had + V3 + O/C
(-)S + had + not + V3 +
O/C
(?)Had + S + V3 + O/C
Example:
(+)He had gone to Bali
when I called him.
(-)He had not gone to
Bali when I called him.
(?)Had he gone to Bali
when you called him?Yes, he had. / No, he had not.
8.
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense
Past
Perfect Continuous is used to show that something started in the past and
continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and
"for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past
Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect
Continuous; however, the duration does not continue until now, it stops before
something else in the past.
Formula:
(+)S + had + been + V-ing
+ O/C
(-)S + had + not + been +
V-ing + O/C
(?)Had + S + been + V-ing
+ O/C
Example:
(+)They had been living
in Jakarta about ten years.
(-)They had not been
living in Jakarta about ten years.
(?)Had they been living
in Jakarta about ten years?Yes, they had. / No, they had not.
9.
Simple
Future Tense
Simple Future Tense is
used to indicate future events and planned in the future, and often use will in
this situation:
·
Offering to do something,
·
Agreeing and refusing to do something,
·
Promising to do something,
·
Asking someone to do something.
Formula:
(+)S + will/shall + V1 +
O/CS + am/is/are + going to + V1 + O/C
(-)S + will/shall + not +
V1 + O/CS + am/is/are + not + going to + V1 + O/C
(?)Will/shall + S + V1 +
O/C Am/is/are + S + going to + V1 + O/C
Example:
(+)She will eat fried
rice.She is going to eat fried rice.
(-)She will not eat fried
rice.She is not going to eat fried rice.
(?)Will she eat fried
rice?Is she going to eat fried rice?Yes, she will. / No, she will not.Yes, she
is. / No, she is not.
10. Future Continuous Tense
Future Continuous Tense is
a sentence that shows the events that will be done and is still ongoing at the
time will come.
Formula:
(+)S + will/shall + be +
V-ing + O/C
(-)S + will/shall + not +
be + V-ing + O/C
(?)Will/shall + S + be +
V-ing + O/C
Example:
(+)I will be watching a
movie tonight.
(-)I will not be watching
a movie tonight.
(?)Will you be watching a
movie tonight?Yes, I will. / No, I will not.
11. Future Perfect Tense
The future perfect tense
indicates actions that are complete, or finished. These actions have not yet
occurred but will occur and be finished in the future.
Formula:
(+)S + shall/will + have
+ been + CS + shall/will + have + V3 + O
(-)S + shall/will + not +
have + been + CS + shall/will + not + have + V3 + O
(?)Shall/will + S + have
+ been + CShall/will + S + have + V3 + O
Example:
(+)I will have been in
this hospital until tomorrow morning.He will have rented my house next month.
(-)I will not have been
in this hospital until tomorrow morning.He will not have rented my house next
month.
(?)Will you have been in
this hospital until tomorrow morning?Will he have rented my house next
month?Yes, I will. / No, I will not.Yes, he will. / No, he will not.
12. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Present
Future Perfect Continuous Tense is a sentence that shows the events that will
already be done and still take place at a time will come.
Formula:
(+)S + shall/will + have
+ been + V-ing + O
(-)S + shall/will + not +
have + been + V-ing + O
(?)Shall/will + S + have
+ been + V-ing + O
Example:
(+)She will have been
visiting us tomorrow.
(-)She will not have been
visiting us tomorrow.
(?)Will she have been
visiting us tomorrow?Yes, she will. / No, she will not.
13. Past Future Tense
Simple
Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going
to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they
often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem
too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear.
Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in
the future.
Formula:
(+)S + should/would + be
+ OS + should/would + V1 + O
(-)S + should/would + not
+ be + OS + should/would + not + V1 + O
(?)Should/would + S + be
+ OShould/would + S + V1 + O
Example:
(+)I should be in Banten
next month.I should be pick up when you arrive at the station next week.
(-)I should not be in
Banten next month.I should not be pick up when you arrive at the station next
week.
(?)Should you be in
Banten next month?Should you be pick up when you arrive at the station next
week?Yes, I should. / No, I should not.
14. Past Future Continuous Tense
Past
Future Continuous Tense is use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer
action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future.
Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
Formula:
(+)S + should/would + be
+ V-ing + O
(-)S + should/would + not
+ be + V-ing + O
(?)Should/would + S + be
+ V-ing + O
Example:
(+)My brother would be
finishing thesis last week.
(-)My brother would not
be finishing thesis last week.
(?)Would your brother be
finishing thesis last week?Yes, he would. / No, he would not.
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Past
future perfect tense is used to describe some action that has happened earlier
which results is something not to the satisfaction of the does and usually used
to express the activities that would (should)have been completed at past time
and to declare a conditional sentence type III (past unreal / regretting).
Formula:
(+)S + should/would +
have + been + CS + should/would + have + V3 + O
(-)S + should/would + not
+ have + been + CS + should/would + not + have + V3 + O
(?)Should/would + S +
have + been + CShould/would + S + have + V3 + O
Example:
(+)My mother should have
been here at nine o’clock tomorrow.Marry would have worked in leading companies
next month.
(-)My mother should not
have been here at nine o’clock tomorrow.Marry would not have worked in leading
companies next month.
(?)Should your mother
have been here at nine o’clock tomorrow?Would Marry have worked in leading
companies next month?Yes, she should. / No, she should not.Yes, she would. /
No, she would not.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an action or imaginary
situation that would have been happening in the past. The verb of Past Future
Perfect Continuous Tense is in progress at a certain point or during certain
periods in the past. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tenses are suppositions or
assumptions, referring to the actors in the sentence just assumed the sentence
stated by it.
Formula:
(+)S + should/would +
have + been + V-ing + O
(-)S + should/would + not
+ have + been + V-ing + O
(?)Should/would + S +
have + been + V-ing + O
Example:
(+)I would have been
working in leading companies for 10 years.
(-)I would not have been
working in leading companies for 10 years.
(?)Would you have been
working in leading companies for 10 years?Yes, I would. / No, I would not.
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